Basic Git commands
Here is a list of some basic Git commands to get you going with Git. For more detail, check out the Atlassian Git Tutorials for a visual introduction to Git commands and workflows, including examples.
commands
| Git task | Notes | Git commands | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tell Git who you are | Configure the author name and email address to be used with your commits. Note that Git strips some characters (for example trailing periods) from user.name |
git config –global user.name “Sam Smith” git config –global user.email sam@example.com |
|
| Create a new local repository | git init | ||
| Check out a repository | Create a working copy of a local repository: | git clone /path/to/repository | |
| For a remote server, use: | git clone username@host:/path/to/repository | ||
| Add files | Add one or more files to staging (index): | git add ‘filename’ git add * |
|
| Commit | Commit changes to head (but not yet to the remote repository): | git commit -m ‘Commit message’ | |
| Commit any files you’ve added with git add, and also commit any files you’ve changed since then: | git commit -a | ||
| Push | Send changes to the master branch of your remote repository: | git push origin master | |
| Status | List the files you’ve changed and those you still need to add or commit: | git status | |
| Connect to a remote repository | If you haven’t connected your local repository to a remote server, add the server to be able to push to it: | git remote add origin ‘server’ | |
| List all currently configured remote repositories: | git remote -v | ||
| Branches | Create a new branch and switch to it: | git checkout -b ‘branchname’ | |
| Switch from one branch to another: | git checkout ‘branchname’ | ||
| List all the branches in your repo, and also tell you what branch you’re currently in: | git branch | ||
| Delete the feature branch: | git branch -d ‘branchname’ | ||
| Push the branch to your remote repository, so others can use it: | git push origin ‘branchname’ | ||
| Push all branches to your remote repository: | git push –all origin | ||
| Delete a branch on your remote repository: | git push origin: ‘branchname’ | ||
| Update from the remote repository | Fetch and merge changes on the remote server to your working directory: | git pull | |
| To merge a different branch into your active branch: | git merge ‘branchname’ | ||
| View all the merge conflicts: View the conflicts against the base file: Preview changes, before merging: |
git diff git diff –base ‘filename’ git diff ‘sourcebranch’ ‘targetbranch’ |
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| After you have manually resolved any conflicts, you mark the changed file: | git add ‘filename’ | ||
| Tags | You can use tagging to mark a significant changeset, such as a release: | git tag 1.0.0 ‘commitID’ | |
| CommitId is the leading characters of the changeset ID, up to 10, but must be unique. Get the ID using: | git log | ||
| Push all tags to remote repository: | git push –tags origin | ||
| Undo local changes | If you mess up, you can replace the changes in your working tree with the last content in head: Changes already added to the index, as well as new files, will be kept. | git checkout – ‘filename’ | |
| Instead, to drop all your local changes and commits, fetch the latest history from the server and point your local master branch at it, do this: | git fetch origin git reset –hard origin/master |
||
| Search | Search the working directory for foo(): | git grep “foo()” |
git push
git init
git add .
git commit -m 'description'
git remote add origin https://xxx
git push -u origin master
(git pull --rebase origin master)